Practice: Food & Nutrition
Our Food, Components of Food, Balanced Diet, Malnutrition and Deficiency Diseases
Q1: Which component of food is the main immediate source of energy for daily activities like walking and studying?
A) Vitamins
B) Proteins
C) Carbohydrates
D) Minerals
Q2: Which of the following meals is closest to a balanced diet for a school-going child in India?
A) Only rice with pickle
B) Rice, dal, vegetable curry, curd and a fruit
C) Only deep-fried puri with potato curry
D) Only biscuits and soft drink
Q3: Dietary fibre (roughage) is important in our food because it:
A) Gives high energy like fats
B) Helps in easy movement of food and prevents constipation
C) Builds muscles and bones
D) Acts as a main source of vitamins only
Q4: A child eats enough chapati and rice daily but very little dal, milk or eggs. Over time this may lead mainly to:
A) Vitamin D deficiency
B) Protein deficiency
C) Iodine deficiency
D) Excess calcium in bones
Q5: Night blindness is commonly caused due to long-term deficiency of:
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin C
C) Vitamin D
D) Iron
Q6: Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?
A) Scurvy – lack of Vitamin A
B) Rickets – lack of Vitamin C
C) Goitre – lack of iodine
D) Anaemia – lack of Vitamin D
Q7: A child has swollen face, thin legs, irritability and change in hair colour. This is most likely due to:
A) Obesity
B) Kwashiorkor
C) Scurvy
D) Goitre
Q8: Which of the following is the best example of malnutrition?
A) Eating chapati, dal, vegetables and fruit regularly
B) Eating only fast foods rich in fat and sugar for most meals
C) Drinking enough water and eating seasonal fruits
D) Having three varied meals and regular physical activity daily
Q9: Which mineral and food pair is correctly matched for preventing anaemia?
A) Calcium – milk
B) Iron – green leafy vegetables
C) Iodine – sugarcane juice
D) Sodium – potato chips only
Q10: “Full stomach but poor health” mainly indicates:
A) Balanced diet
B) Malnutrition
C) Only obesity
D) High physical activity level only
Types of Nutrition
Q11: Organisms that can prepare their own food from simple substances like CO₂ and water using sunlight are called:
A) Heterotrophs
B) Autotrophs
C) Saprophytes
D) Parasites
Q12: Which of the following is an example of heterotrophic nutrition?
A) A green plant making starch in leaves
B) Bacteria oxidising ammonia for energy
C) A cow eating grass
D) Algae preparing food in a pond
Q13: Holozoic nutrition involves the steps of ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation and egestion. Which organism shows holozoic nutrition?
A) Mushroom
B) Amoeba
C) Cuscuta
D) Bread mould on roti
Q14: In saprophytic nutrition, organisms obtain food from:
A) Living host’s body fluid
B) Dead and decaying organic matter
C) Their own prepared food using sunlight
D) Only from insects and small animals they trap
Q15: In parasitic nutrition:
A) Both organisms benefit equally
B) One organism benefits while the host is harmed
C) Only dead material is used
D) Food is prepared only by photosynthesis inside host roots
Q16: Which pair is correctly matched for type of nutrition?
A) Saprophytic – leech
B) Parasitic – Cuscuta
C) Holozoic – mushroom
D) Autotrophic – human being
Q17: Two different species living together and both getting benefit best describes:
A) Parasitism
B) Symbiosis
C) Saprophytism
D) Holozoic nutrition
Q18: Which situation shows heterotrophic nutrition but not holozoic?
A) Man eating chapati
B) Cat eating fish
C) Mushroom growing on rotting wood
D) Goat eating grass in field
Q19: Which type of nutrition is shown by leech and mosquito?
A) Holozoic
B) Saprophytic
C) Parasitic (fluid feeding)
D) Autotrophic by sunlight absorption only
Q20: Chemoautotrophic organisms obtain energy for food synthesis from:
A) Sunlight
B) Inorganic chemical reactions
C) Only organic food of plants
D) Dead animals and plants directly
Nutrition in Plants – Autotrophic, Parasitic, Saprophytic, Symbiosis and Insectivorous
Q21: The raw materials for photosynthesis in green plants are:
A) Oxygen and water
B) Carbon dioxide and water
C) Nitrogen and water
D) Carbon dioxide and nitrogen only in soil air etc.
Q22: In Cuscuta (amarbel), which statement is correct?
A) It has green leaves and makes its own food
B) It has haustoria that absorb food from host plant
C) It grows only on soil and decayed matter
D) It traps insects in pitcher-like leaves for nutrition
Q23: Mushroom growing on a damp log of wood is an example of which type of plant nutrition?
A) Autotrophic
B) Saprophytic
C) Parasitic
D) Insectivorous only for nitrogen etc.
Q24: Lichens are an example of symbiosis between:
A) Alga and fungus
B) Bacterium and virus
C) Plant and insect
D) Plant and earthworm
Q25: The main reason insectivorous plants like pitcher plant catch insects is to obtain:
A) Extra carbohydrates
B) Extra nitrogen and minerals
C) Extra water
D) Extra carbon dioxide from insect body only always etc.
Q26: Which of the following correctly shows a symbiotic association important for soil fertility?
A) Cow and grass
B) Legume plant and Rhizobium bacteria
C) Human and tapeworm
D) Cuscuta and its host plant only in stem region etc.
Q27: Which plant part is modified as a “pitcher” in Nepenthes to catch insects?
A) Root
B) Stem
C) Leaf
D) Flower
Q28: In which case are both organisms harmed if separated, because they depend on each other for survival?
A) Tapeworm in human intestine
B) Lichens
C) Cuscuta on host plant
D) Leech on cattle body surface etc.
Q29: Which of the following is NOT correctly matched with its nutrition type?
A) Mushroom – saprophytic
B) Cuscuta – parasitic
C) Pitcher plant – completely saprophytic
D) Lichen – symbiotic association
Q30: The statement “plant gets nitrogen and bacteria get food” best describes:
A) Parasitic nutrition by Rhizobium
B) Symbiosis between Rhizobium and legume plant
C) Saprophytic nutrition by Rhizobium
D) Insectivorous nutrition in legume plant leaves only etc.
Nutrition in Animals – Modes of Feeding and Digestion
Q31: Which of the following is the correct sequence of organs through which food passes in the human alimentary canal?
A) Mouth → stomach → oesophagus → small intestine → large intestine
B) Mouth → oesophagus → stomach → small intestine → large intestine
C) Mouth → small intestine → stomach → oesophagus → large intestine
D) Mouth → large intestine → small intestine → stomach → anus
Q32: The digestive enzyme present in human saliva acts on which component of food?
A) Proteins
B) Fats
C) Starch
D) Vitamins
Q33: Food is pushed down along the oesophagus into the stomach by:
A) Only gravity
B) Peristaltic muscular movements
C) Suction created by lungs
D) Action of bile juice in oesophagus only etc.
Q34: In the human stomach, hydrochloric acid mainly:
A) Digests fats
B) Kills germs and provides acidic medium
C) Absorbs water
D) Neutralises all digestive juices completely in small intestine etc.
Q35: Most digestion and absorption of food in humans occurs in the:
A) Mouth
B) Stomach
C) Small intestine
D) Large intestine
Q36: In ruminant animals like cows, cellulose digestion mainly occurs in the:
A) Mouth
B) Rumen (first chamber of stomach)
C) Large intestine only
D) Rectum only of digestive tract etc.
Q37: The process in which ruminant animals bring back partially digested food to the mouth for chewing again is called:
A) Egestion
B) Rumination
C) Peristalsis
D) Excretion
Q38: In Amoeba, the finger-like projections formed to surround the food particle are called:
A) Flagella
B) Cilia
C) Pseudopodia
D) Villi
Q39: Inside Amoeba, digested food is absorbed into the cytoplasm from:
A) Food vacuole
B) Nucleus
C) Contractile vacuole
D) Cell membrane folds only in outer region etc.
Q40: Which of the following correctly matches animal and its way of feeding?
A) Butterfly – chewing solid food
B) Mosquito – sucking blood
C) Cow – catching insects with sticky tongue
D) Amoeba – filter feeding from water only always etc.