Practice: Transport & Excretion
Knowledge Check
Human Circulatory System
Q1: Which one is NOT a component of human blood?
A) Red blood cells
B) Platelets
C) Nephrons
D) White blood cells
Q2: The main function of red blood cells in humans is to:
A) Fight infections
B) Carry oxygen from lungs to body tissues
C) Help in blood clotting
D) Produce hormones for growth
Q3: Which blood vessels always carry blood away from the heart?
A) Veins
B) Capillaries
C) Arteries
D) Lymph vessels
Q4: In humans, where does exchange of materials between blood and body tissues mainly occur?
A) Arteries
B) Veins
C) Capillaries
D) Heart chambers
Q5: The chamber of human heart that pumps oxygenated blood to the entire body is:
A) Right atrium
B) Right ventricle
C) Left atrium
D) Left ventricle
Q6: Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart?
A) Aorta
B) Pulmonary vein
C) Vena cava
D) Pulmonary artery
Q7: Which one shows correct sequence of blood flow during pulmonary circulation?
A) Right ventricle → lungs → left atrium
B) Left ventricle → lungs → right atrium
C) Right atrium → lungs → left ventricle
D) Left atrium → lungs → right ventricle
Q8: Double circulation means that:
A) Blood passes through heart once in one complete cycle
B) Blood passes through heart twice in one complete cycle
C) Blood flows only in veins
D) Blood flows only in arteries and lungs
Q9: Valves are present in veins to:
A) Increase blood pressure
B) Prevent backflow of blood
C) Filter waste materials from blood
D) Increase oxygen content of blood
Q10: Which statement about blood pressure is correct?
A) It is same in arteries and veins
B) It is higher in arteries than in veins
C) It is zero in capillaries
D) It is produced only by kidneys
Evolution of Transport System in Animals
Q11: In Amoeba, transport of materials takes place mainly by:
A) Open circulatory system
B) Closed circulatory system
C) Simple diffusion through cell surface
D) Heart and blood vessels
Q12: In which group of animals is an open circulatory system commonly found?
A) Birds
B) Mammals
C) Arthropods like cockroach
D) Fish like rohu and catla
Q13: Which statement best describes open circulatory system?
A) Blood flows entirely in closed vessels
B) Blood is pumped into large sinuses and directly bathes tissues
C) Blood flows only through kidneys
D) Blood circulates only through heart chambers and not in body
Q14: Earthworm possesses which type of circulatory system?
A) No circulatory system
B) Open circulatory system
C) Closed circulatory system
D) Only lymphatic system without blood vessels
Q15: Single circulation of blood is found in:
A) Fish
B) Frog
C) Birds
D) Humans
Q16: Which animal has three-chambered heart (two atria and one ventricle)?
A) Fish
B) Frog
C) Pigeon
D) Human being
Q17: Four-chambered heart with complete double circulation is found in:
A) Fish and reptiles
B) Amphibians and insects
C) Birds and mammals
D) Reptiles and amphibians only
Q18: Why did complex animals evolve a circulatory system?
A) To reduce body size
B) Because simple diffusion is not enough for large multicellular bodies
C) To increase number of bones
D) To stop respiration in cells completely
Q19: Which pair is correctly matched with type of circulation?
A) Human – single circulation
B) Frog – open circulation
C) Cockroach – open circulation
D) Fish – closed double circulation
Q20: In open circulatory system, fluid circulating in body cavity is called:
A) Lymph
B) Haemolymph
C) Plasma
D) Serum only used in lungs
Transportation in Plants
Q21: The tissue responsible for transport of water and minerals in plants is:
A) Phloem
B) Xylem
C) Parenchyma
D) Collenchyma
Q22: Food prepared in leaves is mainly transported to other parts through:
A) Xylem
B) Phloem
C) Cork
D) Epidermis only of leaves
Q23: Transpiration in plants refers to:
A) Loss of water vapour from aerial parts
B) Transport of food through phloem
C) Movement of minerals from soil
D) Opening and closing of stomata only without water loss
Q24: Which structure in the root absorbs water and minerals from soil?
A) Root cap
B) Root hairs
C) Lenticels
D) Guard cells only in leaves
Q25: Which statement about translocation of food is correct?
A) It occurs only upwards
B) It occurs only downwards
C) It can occur in both directions depending on source and sink
D) It does not require any energy at all in plant cells
Q26: In a girdling experiment, a ring of bark including phloem is removed. After some days, which observation is likely?
A) Roots grow more
B) Region above ring swells due to accumulation of food
C) Region below ring swells more
D) Only xylem stops conduction of water
Q27: Which of the following helps in the upward movement of water in tall trees?
A) Only root pressure
B) Only transpiration pull
C) Transpiration pull plus cohesion and adhesion of water
D) Only diffusion of food from leaves to roots
Q28: Which pair is correctly matched?
A) Xylem – transport of food
B) Phloem – transport of water
C) Phloem – transport of sucrose
D) Epidermis – transport of hormones throughout plant body
Q29: When a leafy shoot of a plant is placed in coloured water, the colour rises up mainly through:
A) Phloem
B) Xylem
C) Epidermis
D) Pith region only of stem
Q30: Which one is a correct difference between xylem and phloem?
A) Xylem transports only food; phloem only water
B) Xylem transport needs ATP; phloem does not
C) Xylem transport is mainly passive; phloem transport needs energy
D) Both xylem and phloem transport only upwards always
Excretion – Humans, Other Organisms and Plants
Q31: Excretion is the process of removal of:
A) Undigested food from intestine
B) Metabolic waste products from body
C) Useful substances from glands
D) Only sweat from skin without any waste
Q32: Structural and functional unit of kidney is:
A) Neuron
B) Nephron
C) Alveolus
D) Glomerulus only without tubule
Q33: Which one is NOT a normal constituent of human urine?
A) Urea
B) Excess water
C) Glucose
D) Some salts like NaCl
Q34: In a nephron, filtration of blood occurs in:
A) Collecting duct
B) Bowman’s capsule and glomerulus
C) Loop of Henle
D) Ureter near bladder region
Q35: Which animal uses Malpighian tubules as main excretory organs?
A) Earthworm
B) Cockroach
C) Amoeba
D) Fish like rohu and catla
Q36: In Amoeba, the organelle that helps in removal of excess water and some wastes is:
A) Nucleus
B) Contractile vacuole
C) Food vacuole
D) Mitochondrion only in cytoplasm
Q37: In plants, excess water is lost mainly by:
A) Excretion through kidney-like organs
B) Transpiration through stomata
C) Combustion in root cells
D) Filtration in flower tissues only
Q38: Which of the following is an example of plant waste stored in body tissues?
A) Resins and gums
B) Blood and lymph
C) Sweat and urea
D) Bile and digestive enzymes from liver cells
Q39: Which statement clearly shows difference between excretion and secretion?
A) Both deal with removal of only harmful substances
B) Excretion removes waste; secretion releases useful substances like enzymes and hormones
C) Excretion and secretion are exactly same processes
D) Secretion always occurs through kidneys only in humans
Q40: Which one is mainly a secretory product and not an excretory waste?
A) Urea
B) CO₂
C) Saliva
D) Excess salts in sweat