Our Environment
Our Environment
Weather and Climate
| Aspect | Weather | Climate |
|---|---|---|
| Meaning | Day to day condition | Average condition over years |
| Changes | Changes quickly | Changes slowly |
| Example | Rain today | Tropical climate |
🌤 Weather = Daily change
🌍 Climate = Long-term pattern
🌍 Climate = Long-term pattern
- Elements: sunny, rainy, cloudy, windy
- Rain, drought and floods affect human life
- Cyclones: strong winds + heavy rain
- Climate change: rise in temperature due to pollution
- Disaster management: before, during and after disaster
Remember: Planting trees reduces climate change effects.
Global Environmental Issues
| Issue | Cause | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| Global warming | Excess gases | Increase in Earth temperature |
| Acid rain | SO₂ and NO₂ | Damages crops and buildings |
| Plastic pollution | Single-use plastic | Harm to animals and soil |
Reduce + Reuse + Recycle = Save Earth
- Greenhouse gases trap heat
- Plastic does not degrade easily
- Eco-friendly habits protect environment
Carry cloth bags instead of plastic bags.
Air
| Component | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Nitrogen | 78% |
| Oxygen | 21% |
| Others | 1% |
Air occupies space and has weight.
- Air helps in breathing and burning
- Plants give oxygen through photosynthesis
- Air pollution causes diseases
- Sources: smoke, vehicles, burning waste
Plant more trees to reduce air pollution.
Water
| Form | Example |
|---|---|
| Solid | Ice |
| Liquid | River water |
| Gas | Water vapour |
Water Cycle = Evaporation → Condensation → Rain
- Sources: rivers, lakes, wells, rain
- Boiling and filtering make water safe
- Water pollution harms fish and humans
- Rainwater harvesting saves water
Close taps to prevent wastage of water.
Biodiversity and Forests
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Biodiversity | Different plants and animals |
| Deforestation | Cutting of trees |
| Afforestation | Planting of trees |
Forest = Oxygen + Rain + Wildlife Home
- Food chain: Grass → Deer → Tiger
- Chipko Movement saved forests
- Project Tiger protects tigers
- National parks protect wildlife
Never cut trees unnecessarily.
Care for Environment
- Plant trees
- Save water and electricity
- Use dustbins
- Reduce use of plastic
- Care for animals and birds
| Bad Habit | Good Habit |
|---|---|
| Littering | Using dustbin |
| Wasting water | Reuse water |
| Plastic usage | Cloth bags |
“Protect Nature = Protect Future”
Every small action helps in saving the Earth.