Knowledge Check : Probability
Knowledge Check – Probability
Introduction to Probability
Q1: Which of the following is an impossible event?
A) Getting 7 on a standard dice
B) Getting a tail when tossing a coin
C) Drawing a red card from a deck
D) Getting an even number on a dice
Q2: An event that is guaranteed to happen is called:
A) Impossible event
B) Certain event
C) Complementary event
D) Random event
Q3: The probability of an impossible event is:
A) 0
B) 1
C) Between 0 and 1
D) Cannot be determined
Q4: The probability of a certain event is:
A) 0
B) 1
C) 0.5
D) Impossible to predict
Q5: Which of these represents a random experiment?
A) Multiplying numbers
B) Tossing a coin
C) Writing a table
D) Solving equations
Q6: Probability always lies between:
A) -1 and 1
B) 0 and 100
C) 0 and 1
D) 1 and 10
Q7: Which of the following is a possible event?
A) Getting 9 on a die
B) Sun rising from west
C) Getting an odd number on a die
D) A month having 32 days
Q8: If an event is certain, its probability is:
A) Less than 1
B) Greater than 1
C) Exactly 1
D) Exactly 0
Q9: Which of the following has probability 0?
A) Drawing a heart from cards
B) Getting Sunday after Saturday
C) Getting head in a coin toss
D) Getting 13 on a standard dice
Q10: Tossing a coin results in how many possible outcomes?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
Q11: Rolling a die gives how many outcomes?
A) 4
B) 5
C) 6
D) 7
Q12: Which event has probability 1?
A) A leap year having 367 days
B) Getting a number less than 7 on a throw of die
C) Getting both head and tail together
D) Getting number 8 on a die
Q13: The chance of failure represented in probability must be between:
A) -1 and 0
B) 0 and 1
C) 1 and 2
D) 2 and 3
Q14: Which term refers to the occurrence of an outcome?
A) Event
B) Probability
C) Experiment
D) Observation
Q15: Which one is a sure event?
A) A card drawn is red
B) Tomorrow has 24 hours
C) Getting head on toss
D) Rain on Monday
Q16: Which is NOT a random experiment?
A) Tossing a coin
B) Drawing a card
C) Measuring length with a ruler
D) Rolling a dice
Q17: If P(E) = 1, then event E is:
A) Impossible
B) Uncertain
C) Certain
D) Random
Q18: Which of the following statements is true?
A) Probability can be negative
B) Probability can exceed 1
C) Probability lies between 0 and 1
D) Probability has no fixed limit
Q19: Which best describes chance in probability?
A) Random measurement
B) Likelihood of an event
C) Guaranteed result
D) Fixed value
Q20: Which event has maximum probability?
A) Impossible event
B) Random event
C) Certain event
D) Complementary event
Basic Concepts of Probability
Q21: Probability of an event is generally written as:
A) Favorable outcomes / Total outcomes
B) Total outcomes / Favorable outcomes
C) Outcomes – events
D) Events ÷ Trials
Q22: When all outcomes are equally likely, probability is called:
A) Experimental probability
B) Theoretical probability
C) Random probability
D) Conditional probability
Q23: If probability of an event is 1/4, what is probability of its complement?
A) 1/2
B) 3/4
C) 2/4
D) 1/4
Q24: Which formula represents complement probability?
A) P(A) × P(B)
B) P(A) + P(B)
C) 1 – P(A)
D) P(A) – P(B)
Q25: If total outcomes = 20 and favorable = 5, then P(E) is:
A) 5/25
B) 1/4
C) 4/5
D) 15/20
Q26: Which term means outcome favorable to an event?
A) Sample space
B) Trial
C) Favorable outcome
D) Complement
Q27: The set of all possible outcomes is called:
A) Event set
B) Sample space
C) Trial set
D) Probability set
Q28: Which of the following is a theoretical probability approach?
A) Observing rainfall for 1 year
B) Tossing a coin 100 times
C) Calculating probability by outcomes
D) Survey in a school
Q29: Which is an example of experimental probability?
A) Coin tossing 200 times and recording results
B) Calculating probability of even number on die
C) Using formula for probability
D) Using sample space
Q30: If probability of rain today is 0.6, what is probability of no rain?
A) 0.4
B) 0.6
C) 1.6
D) 0.2
Q31: Total outcomes when two coins are tossed is:
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 6
Q32: What is the probability of getting head on a fair coin?
A) 0
B) 1/4
C) 1/2
D) 1
Q33: If a box contains 3 red and 7 blue balls, probability of selecting red is:
A) 3/10
B) 7/10
C) 1/3
D) 1/7
Q34: Which value cannot be a probability?
A) 0.25
B) 0.75
C) 1.2
D) 0
Q35: Which event has the lowest probability?
A) A sure event
B) An impossible event
C) A random event
D) A likely event
Q36: If P(A) = 0.35, then P(not A) = ?
A) 0.35
B) 0.55
C) 0.65
D) 0.75
Q37: If 1 dice is thrown, sample space has:
A) 4 outcomes
B) 5 outcomes
C) 6 outcomes
D) 8 outcomes
Q38: In probability, favourable outcomes are:
A) All outcomes of experiment
B) Outcomes supporting the event
C) Unwanted results
D) Impossible cases
Q39: A probability close to 1 means:
A) Event is impossible
B) Event is unlikely
C) Event is very likely
D) Event will never happen
Q40: Which method of probability is based on practical experiments?
A) Theoretical method
B) Mathematical method
C) Experimental method
D) Classical method
Types of Events
Q41: Two events that cannot happen at the same time are called:
A) Complementary events
B) Independent events
C) Mutually exclusive events
D) Certain events
Q42: If two events A and B are mutually exclusive, then:
A) P(A ∩ B) = 1
B) P(A ∩ B) = 0
C) P(A ∪ B) = 0
D) P(A) = P(B)
Q43: If P(A) = 0.4, then P(not A) is:
A) 0.6
B) 0.4
C) 1.4
D) 0.0
Q44: What type of events are “getting head” and “getting tail” in a coin toss?
A) Independent events
B) Complementary events
C) Dependent events
D) Random events
Q45: Which pair is mutually exclusive?
A) Drawing a red card or a king from deck
B) Getting odd or even number on die
C) Getting black card or ace from deck
D) Getting prime or composite number
Q46: The sum of probabilities of two complementary events is:
A) 0
B) 0.5
C) 1
D) 2
Q47: If event A and B are mutually exclusive, P(A or B) equals:
A) P(A) × P(B)
B) P(A) – P(B)
C) P(A) + P(B)
D) P(A) ÷ P(B)
Q48: Which is an impossible event?
A) Getting number 7 on a die
B) Getting even number on a die
C) Getting head on a coin
D) Drawing a card from deck
Q49: Which event is certain?
A) Getting a card from a deck
B) Getting head twice in two tosses
C) Getting number 6 always on die
D) Getting a red ball only
Q50: Probability of an impossible event is:
A) 1
B) 0
C) Between 0 and 1
D) Greater than 1
Q51: Which are complementary events?
A) Rain or no rain
B) Even or odd number
C) Win or lose
D) All of the above
Q52: Two events are independent if:
A) One affects the other
B) They occur together always
C) Occurrence of one does not affect the other
D) They are complementary
Q53: Picking a number > 6 on a die is:
A) A sure event
B) An impossible event
C) A random event
D) A mutually exclusive event
Q54: If probability of winning a game is 0.3, probability of losing is:
A) 0.3
B) 0.5
C) 0.7
D) 0.9
Q55: Which event set has no common element?
A) Dependent events
B) Independent events
C) Complementary events
D) Mutually exclusive events
Q56: If P(A) = 0.5 and A and B are complementary, then P(B) is:
A) 0.25
B) 0.5
C) 1
D) 0
Q57: Getting prime or composite number on a number line from 1–10 are:
A) Mutually exclusive
B) Complementary
C) Dependent
D) Impossible events
Q58: Event that will definitely happen has probability:
A) 0
B) 0.5
C) 1
D) 2
Q59: Which is not a mutually exclusive event?
A) Getting head and tail together on one coin
B) Getting even or odd on die
C) Drawing a red or black card
D) Rolling 1 or 6 on die
Q60: Probability value always lies between:
A) -1 and 1
B) 0 and 1
C) 1 and 2
D) -2 and 2
Probability with Deck of Cards
Q61: A standard deck of cards contains how many cards?
A) 26
B) 40
C) 52
D) 60
Q62: How many red cards are there in a standard deck?
A) 13
B) 26
C) 20
D) 32
Q63: What is the probability of drawing a king from a deck?
A) 1/13
B) 1/26
C) 1/52
D) 4/13
Q64: What is the probability of drawing a card which is not a face card?
A) 3/13
B) 9/13
C) 10/13
D) 12/13
Q65: Probability of drawing a spade card is:
A) 1/2
B) 1/4
C) 1/13
D) 1/52
Q66: What is the probability of drawing a red king?
A) 1/13
B) 1/26
C) 1/52
D) 1/4
Q67: What is the probability of drawing an ace?
A) 1/4
B) 1/52
C) 1/13
D) 1/26
Q68: Probability of drawing a non-red card is:
A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) 3/4
D) 1/13
Q69: Probability of drawing a diamond or heart is:
A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) 1/13
D) 3/4
Q70: How many face cards are there in a standard deck?
A) 8
B) 10
C) 12
D) 16
Q71: Probability of drawing a black queen is:
A) 1/26
B) 1/52
C) 1/13
D) 1/4
Q72: What is the probability of drawing a card greater than 10?
A) 3/13
B) 4/13
C) 1/13
D) 1/52
Q73: Probability of drawing a non-king card is:
A) 12/13
B) 1/13
C) 4/13
D) 48/52
Q74: Probability of drawing a red face card:
A) 3/26
B) 6/52
C) 1/13
D) 3/13
Q75: Probability of drawing a card which is not an ace:
A) 48/52
B) 12/13
C) 1/13
D) 3/13
Q76: A card is drawn at random. Probability it is a number card (2–10) is:
A) 36/52
B) 9/13
C) 5/13
D) 4/13
Q77: What is the probability of drawing a red ace?
A) 1/52
B) 1/26
C) 1/13
D) 1/4
Q78: Probability of drawing neither king nor queen:
A) 44/52
B) 11/13
C) 10/13
D) 9/13
Q79: If a card is drawn, probability it is a black card or an ace:
A) 7/13
B) 1/2
C) 15/26
D) 4/52
Q80: Probability of drawing a king or a black card:
A) 7/13
B) 15/26
C) 1/2
D) 3/13
Applications of Probability
Q81: If it rains on 3 out of 5 days in a week, what is the probability that it will rain on a randomly chosen day?
A) 5/3
B) 3/5
C) 2/5
D) 1/5
Q82: A school bus arrives on time 9 days out of 10. What is the probability that it will be late on a randomly selected day?
A) 9/10
B) 1/10
C) 1/9
D) 10/9
Q83: A factory produces 95 good bulbs out of 100. What is the probability that a selected bulb is defective?
A) 95/100
B) 5/95
C) 5/100
D) 1/95
Q84: Probability that a person chosen randomly from a class of 40 students is a girl, if there are 18 girls, is:
A) 9/20
B) 11/20
C) 18/40
D) 22/40
Q85: A bag has 6 apples and 4 oranges. Probability of selecting an orange is:
A) 3/5
B) 2/5
C) 1/5
D) 4/5
Q86: In a test, a student answers 70 out of 100 questions correctly. Probability that a question answered was correct is:
A) 7/10
B) 3/10
C) 1/7
D) 10/7
Q87: A die is thrown once. What is the probability of getting a number greater than 4?
A) 1/6
B) 1/3
C) 1/2
D) 2/3
Q88: A box contains 8 pens, of which 3 are defective. Probability that a good pen is chosen is:
A) 3/8
B) 5/8
C) 1/8
D) 5/3
Q89: What is the probability of getting an even number when a die is rolled?
A) 1/2
B) 1/3
C) 2/3
D) 1/6
Q90: A machine produces 2 defective items out of 50. Probability that a randomly chosen item is not defective:
A) 24/25
B) 48/50
C) 2/50
D) 1/25
Q91: A coin is tossed once. Probability of not getting a head is:
A) 1
B) 1/2
C) 0
D) 2
Q92: If probability of winning a match is 0.65, probability of losing is:
A) 0.35
B) 0.65
C) 0.45
D) 0.15
Q93: A weather report predicts rain with probability 0.4. Probability it will not rain is:
A) 0.4
B) 0.6
C) 1.4
D) 0.8
Q94: What is the probability of selecting a leap year at random from years 2020 to 2030?
A) 3/11
B) 2/11
C) 1/11
D) 4/11
Q95: A student randomly selects one day from a 7-day week. Probability it is a working day (Mon–Fri):
A) 5/7
B) 2/7
C) 1/7
D) 6/7
Q96: Probability that a randomly chosen number from 1 to 20 is divisible by 5:
A) 1/4
B) 1/5
C) 1/10
D) 2/5
Q97: A spinner has 8 equal sections. What is the probability of landing on one section?
A) 1/2
B) 1/4
C) 1/8
D) 1/16
Q98: If probability of passing an exam is 0.7, probability of failing is:
A) 0.3
B) 0.7
C) 0.5
D) 1.3
Q99: In a survey, 60 out of 100 farmers use drip irrigation. Probability that a chosen farmer does not use it:
A) 40/60
B) 60/100
C) 40/100
D) 100/60
Q100: A weather app predicts sunny weather with probability 0.8. The probability that the weather will not be sunny is:
A) 0.2
B) 0.8
C) 1.8
D) 0.6