Knowledge Check: The Earth- Environment
Q1: Which group correctly lists the four main components of the natural environment?
A) Mountains, rivers, roads, buildings
B) Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, Biosphere
C) Soil, water, air, sunlight
D) Forests, animals, crops, vehicles
Q2: Which of the following is a biotic component of the environment?
A) Rocks
B) Air
C) Plants
D) Water
Q3: A large freshwater lake with fish, plants, insects, water and soil together is best described as a:
A) Lithosphere
B) Ecosystem
C) Atmosphere
D) Hydrological cycle
Q4: A village clears most of its trees to build new houses. Which component of the environment is directly reduced first?
A) Lithosphere
B) Biosphere
C) Atmosphere
D) Hydrosphere
Q5: Which set contains only abiotic components?
A) Soil, air, goat
B) Water, sunlight, minerals
C) Fish, insects, birds
D) Trees, bacteria, grass
Q6: If a river in a region dries up gradually, which environmental component is most directly affected first?
A) Lithosphere
B) Hydrosphere
C) Atmosphere
D) Biosphere
Q7: Which statement about the environment is MOST accurate?
A) Only living things form the environment
B) Only non-living things form the environment
C) Environment includes both living and non-living things
D) Environment includes only living things and air
Q8: Which is the outermost solid layer of the Earth on which we live?
A) Core
B) Mantle
C) Crust
D) Biosphere
Q9: Why is the mantle important in understanding earthquakes?
A) It is the coldest layer of the Earth
B) Movements in the mantle cause plate movements in the crust
C) It contains all the oceans
D) It is a layer of air around the Earth
Q10: The core of the Earth is mainly composed of:
A) Sand and clay
B) Iron and nickel
C) Ice and water
D) Soil and gravel
Q11: Why are most mineral resources like coal and iron ore found in the crust?
A) The crust is made only of metals
B) The crust is where rocks and minerals are accessible
C) The mantle melts all minerals
D) The core pushes minerals to the surface every year
Q12: A city is located in an area where two crustal plates meet. Which of the following is most likely there?
A) Very calm ground with no earthquakes
B) Frequent earthquakes and some volcanoes
C) No mountains or hills
D) Constant snowfall throughout the year
Q13: Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?
A) Crust – Centre of the Earth
B) Mantle – Outermost layer
C) Core – Hottest part of the Earth
D) Atmosphere – Layer beneath the mantle
Q14: A geographer studying rocks on the surface is mainly studying which part of the Earth?
A) Inner core
B) Mantle
C) Crust
D) Outer core
Q15: Which gas is most abundant in the Earth’s atmosphere?
A) Oxygen
B) Nitrogen
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Ozone
Q16: In which layer of the atmosphere do most weather changes such as clouds and rainfall occur?
A) Stratosphere
B) Mesosphere
C) Thermosphere
D) Troposphere
Q17: The ozone layer, which protects us from harmful ultraviolet rays, is mainly found in the:
A) Troposphere
B) Stratosphere
C) Mesosphere
D) Thermosphere
Q18: A pilot prefers to fly long-distance passenger planes mostly in the lower stratosphere because:
A) It has thick clouds and heavy rain
B) It has calm conditions and less turbulence
C) It has the highest air pressure
D) It contains the densest air for lift
Q19: A village experiences hotter summers over the years even though rainfall is similar. One possible reason is:
A) Decrease in Earth’s rotation speed
B) Increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
C) Sudden movement of tectonic plates
D) Rise of ocean floor near the village
Q20: Which statement about air pressure is TRUE?
A) Air pressure is the same at all heights
B) Air pressure increases with height
C) Air pressure decreases with height
D) Air has no pressure anywhere
Q21: On the same day, where would the air pressure be generally higher?
A) On a high mountain peak
B) On a hill station
C) At sea level
D) In the upper mesosphere
Q22: The narrow zone of the Earth where life exists is called:
A) Lithosphere
B) Hydrosphere
C) Biosphere
D) Atmosphere
Q23: Which of the following is the best example of a simple natural ecosystem?
A) A classroom with benches and fans
B) A pond with fish, algae, insects and water
C) A road with vehicles and traffic lights
D) A playground with swings and slides
Q24: Which sequence shows a correct food chain?
A) Grass → Goat → Lion
B) Goat → Grass → Lion
C) Lion → Grass → Goat
D) Grass → Lion → Goat
Q25: Biodiversity refers to:
A) Total area of forests in a country
B) Variety of plants and animals in a region
C) Number of rivers in a continent
D) Length of the coastline of a country
Q26: If a pesticide used in fields enters a lake, which organisms in the food chain are most affected by its buildup over time?
A) Algae only
B) Small fish only
C) Top predators like big fish or birds
D) Only organisms living on land
Q27: Which of the following is a correct matching of component and example?
A) Lithosphere – Clouds
B) Hydrosphere – Ocean
C) Atmosphere – Rocks
D) Biosphere – Sunlight
Q28: A dense forest is cut down and converted into a parking area. Which is the MOST immediate effect on the biosphere?
A) Sudden rise in sea level
B) Loss of habitat for many species
C) Formation of new rivers
D) Creation of a new mountain range
Q29: Pollution is best defined as:
A) Any natural change in the environment
B) Presence of useful substances in the environment
C) Undesirable changes in the environment caused mainly by human activities
D) Decrease in the number of people in a region
Q30: Sewage released into a river from a town mainly causes:
A) Air pollution
B) Noise pollution
C) Water pollution
D) Soil pollution
Q31: Loudspeakers played late at night in a residential area mainly cause:
A) Air pollution
B) Noise pollution
C) Soil pollution
D) Water pollution
Q32: Which of the following is NOT a pollutant when present in normal amounts?
A) Excess plastic waste in a lake
B) Sewage in an open drain
C) Oxygen in the air
D) Smoke from burning garbage in a street
Q33: A market area has blocked drains due to plastic covers and litter. During heavy rain, the streets are flooded. This situation shows how pollution can lead to:
A) Formation of mountains
B) Increase in soil fertility
C) Urban flooding and health problems
D) Expansion of forests
Q34: Which action will MOST effectively reduce air pollution in a busy city?
A) Using more private cars for each person
B) Promoting public transport and cleaner fuels
C) Increasing open burning of waste
D) Building more parking spaces near markets
Q35: A disaster is best described as:
A) A small change in weather
B) A sudden event causing large-scale damage to life and property
C) Any festival gathering of people
D) A slow growth of plants in a field
Q36: Which of the following is a natural disaster?
A) Chemical leak from a factory
B) Earthquake in a hilly region
C) Fire in a warehouse due to negligence
D) Oil spill from a ship
Q37: Building embankments along a river and planting trees on slopes are examples of:
A) Disaster response
B) Disaster mitigation
C) Disaster recovery
D) Disaster creation
Q38: The main advantage of an early warning system for cyclones is that it:
A) Prevents all rainfall
B) Stops the cyclone from forming
C) Gives people time to move to safer places
D) Increases the speed of the cyclone
Q39: A school conducts regular mock drills where students practice how to leave classrooms quickly in an emergency. This is mainly an example of:
A) Disaster prediction
B) Disaster preparedness
C) Disaster recovery
D) Disaster insurance
Q40: Which pair correctly matches the type of disaster with its example?
A) Natural – Oil spill from a ship
B) Human-made – Large fire due to electrical fault
C) Natural – Chemical leak from a factory
D) Human-made – Earthquake in a coastal city